In recent years, there has been a trend to migrate from traditional bond mutual funds to bond ETFs, primarily driven by the appeal of lower costs. However, this shift may not always be the best move. Here’s why bond mutual funds tend to outperform bond ETFs and why the cost argument should not be the sole determinant in our investment decisions.
Understanding the Outperformance
1. Active Management Advantage: In volatile or illiquid markets, the advantages of bond mutual funds become even more pronounced. Active managers can exploit market inefficiencies, selectively buying undervalued bonds and avoiding overpriced ones. ETFs, constrained by their indexing mandates, lack this agility.
2. Better Access to Diverse Securities: Mutual funds often have better access to a wider array of securities, including less liquid bonds that may offer higher yields. This diversity can lead to better performance, especially in volatile markets where flexibility is key.
3. Liquidity Management: Bond mutual funds are priced at the end of each trading day based on the net asset value (NAV) of their holdings. This structure allows fund managers to take a strategic approach to bond selection and trading, minimizing the impact of market volatility on investor returns.
In contrast, bond ETFs trade like stocks on an exchange, with prices fluctuating throughout the day. This intraday trading can lead to price discrepancies between the ETF's market price and the NAV of its underlying bonds, known as tracking error. Additionally, the bid-ask spread and liquidity of the bonds within the ETF can further erode returns for ETFs with low trading volume.
4. Yield Curve Positioning: Active bond mutual funds can better navigate the yield curve by adjusting the duration and maturity of the bond portfolio. This dynamic positioning can enhance returns, particularly in a fluctuating interest rate environment.
The Cost vs. Net Return Debate
The primary allure of bond ETFs lies in their lower expense ratios. However, focusing solely on costs can be a short-sighted approach. The net return, after accounting for all expenses, is what ultimately matters to your clients. Here’s why:
1. Performance Over Cost: If a bond mutual fund, despite higher costs, delivers a higher net return than a bond ETF, it justifies the additional expense. The goal should always be to maximize net returns, not merely to minimize costs.
2. Total Return Consideration: Bond mutual funds often generate higher total returns by leveraging their active management and strategic positioning. Advisors should emphasize the importance of total returns to clients rather than just cost savings.
The Pitfall of Selling on Low Costs Alone.
Advisors who market themselves based on offering low-cost investment options are setting themselves up for a losing game. Here’s why:
1. The Race to the Bottom: Competing on costs alone invites a race to the bottom, where the next advisor can always undercut your fees. This approach detracts from the value you bring through strategic investment decisions and comprehensive financial planning.
2. Expanding the Investment Universe: Advisors should focus on opening up the entire investment universe to their clients. By doing so, they increase the odds of finding better-performing assets and delivering superior results. Clients value advisors who can navigate a complex investment landscape and identify opportunities beyond just low-cost options.
3. Long-term Value Proposition: Your value as an advisor lies in your ability to provide holistic financial advice, personalized investment strategies, and consistent performance over time. By demonstrating a commitment to maximizing net returns, you reinforce your role as a trusted advisor who prioritizes clients’ long-term success.
Conclusion
While the industry trend towards bond ETFs is driven by their lower costs, it’s crucial to consider the overall net returns and strategic advantages that bond mutual funds can offer. By focusing on performance and expanding the investment universe, advisors can deliver greater value to their clients. Remember, the ultimate goal is to achieve the best possible outcomes for your clients, and sometimes, that means looking beyond just the expense ratios.